医学博士英语考试阅读选择题解题技巧（四）

今天华慧老师给各位考生带来医学博士英语考试阅读选择题的最后一个解题技巧。

技巧7：紧扣文章主题进行选择

文章主题是一篇文章的中心，而主旨大意题和观点态度题，常常围绕主题提问；其他细节题也会与主题相关。因此在选择答案时，对于一些模两可的选项，可以考虑是否与主题相关；与主题相关的是正确答案，反之，是干扰项。

例： 2017年医学统考真题 源自《华慧考博医学考博英语一本通》

If you are reading this article, antibiotics have probably saved your life—and not once but several times. A rotten tooth, a knee operation, a brush with pneumonia; any number of minor infections that never turned nasty. You may not remember taking the pills, so unremarkable have these one-time wonder drugs become.

Modern medicine relies on antibiotics—not just to cure diseases, but to augment the success of surgery, childbirth and cancer treatments. Yet now health authorities are warning, in uncharacteristically apocalyptic terms, that the era of antibiotics is about to end. In some ways, bacteria are continually evolving to resist the drugs. But in the past we’ve always developed new ones that killed them again.

Not this time. Infections that once succumbed to everyday antibiotics now require last-resort drugs with unpleasant side effects. Others have become so difficult to treat that they kill some 25,000 Europeans yearly. And some bacteria now resist every known antibiotic.

Regular readers will know why: New Scientist has reported warnings about this for years. We have misused antibiotics appallingly, handing them out to humans like medicinal candy and feeding them to livestock by the tonne, mostly not for health reasons but to make meat cheaper. Now antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be found all over the world-not just in medical facilities, but everywhere from muddy puddles in India to the snows of Antarctica(南极洲).

How did we reach this point without viable successors to today’s increasingly ineffectual drugs? The answer lies not in evolution but economics. Over the past 20 years, nearly every major pharmaceutical company has abandoned antibiotics. Companies must make money, and there isn’t much in short-term drugs that should be used sparingly. So researchers have discovered promising candidates, but can’t reach into the deep pockets needed to develop them.

This can be fixed. As we report this week, regulatory agencies, worried medical bodies and Big Pharma are finally hatching ways to remedy this market failure. Delinking profits from the volume of drug sold (by adjusting patent rights, say, or offering prizes for innovation) has worked for other drugs, and should work for antibiotics—although there may be a worryingly long wait before they reach the market.

One day, though, these will fall to resistance too. Ultimately, we need, evolution-proof cures for bacterial infection: treatments that stop bacteria from causing disease, but don’t otherwise inconvenience the little blighters. When resisting drugs confers no selective advantage, drugs will stop breeding resistance.

Researchers have a couple of candidates for such treatment. But they fear regulators will drag their feet over such radical approaches. That, too, can be fixed. We must not neglect development of the sustainable medicine we need, the way we have neglected simple antibiotic R&D.

If we do, one day another top doctor will be telling us that the drugs no longer work—and there really will be no help on the way.

62．The warning from health authorities implies that ______.

A. the pre-antibiotic era will return

B. the antibiotic crisis is about to repeat

C. the wonder drugs are a double-edged sword

D. the development of new antibiotics is too slow

【答案】D

【解析】本题要结合全文来解题。笫二段最后一句讲到病菌一直在进化，产生了对抗生素的耐药性。然而在过去，我们总是能开发出新抗生素来灭掉它们。第三段首句“Not this time.”进行了转折，即这一次没有更好的抗生素来消灭进化的病菌。第四、五段讲述抗生素被滥用导致病菌也不断进化获得更好的耐药性，使得现有抗生素无计可施。第六段深挖原因，是因为经济使然，大型药厂因为经济利益放弃了抗生素的生产。 第七段谈到对于这种现象的补救措施。A 选项“前抗生素年代将回归”，B 选项“将重蹈抗生素危机覆辙”，C 选项“神奇之药是双刃剑”，D 选项“新抗生素的研发过于缓慢”。只有 D选项符合全文意。

到此，医学博士英语考试阅读选择题解题技巧的已经更新完毕，同学们一定要好好消化理解，并运用到做题的实际情况中。