Section 1 Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)
The outbreak of swine flu that was first deteccted in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on june 11,2009. It is the first wotldwide cpidemic__1__by the World Health Organization in41years.
The heightened alert __2__an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp pise in cases in Australia.and rising __3__in Britain ,japan,Chile and elsewhere.
Bur the epiemic is “__4__”in severity. According to Margaret Chan. The organization’s director general,__5__the overwhelming majorty of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and full recovery. Often in the__6__of any medical treatment.
The ourbreak came to gobal__7__in lafe April2009.when Mexican authorities noted an unusually latge number of hospitalizations and deaths__8__ healthy adults. As much ofMexico City Shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to__9__in New York City.the southwestem United States and atound the world.
In the United States, new cases seemed to fade__10__warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2009,officials reported there was__11__flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the__12__tested are the new swine flu. Also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,It has__13__more than one million people,and caused mone than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.
Federal health officials ___14___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began __15__ orders from the atates for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is__16__ ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009,though most of those __17__doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is not __18__ for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other__19__.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people __20__infants and healthy young people.
1.[A]criticized[B]appointed[C]commented[D]designated
2.[A]proceeded[B]activated[C]followed[D]prompted
3.[A]digits [B]numbers [C]amounts [D]sums
4.[A]Moderatre [B]normal [C]unusual [D]extreme
5.[A]With [B]in [C]from [D]by
6.[A]Progress [B]absence [C]presence [D]favor
7.[A]Reality [B]phenomenon [C]cincept [D]notice
8.[A]Over [B]for [C]among [D]to
9.[A]stay up [B]crop up [C]fill up [D]cover up
10.[A]as [B]if [C]unless [D]until
11.[A]excessive [B]enormous [C]significant [D]magnificent
12.[A]categories [B]examples [C]patterns [D]samples
13.[A]imparted [B]immersed [C]injected [D]infected
14.[A]released [B]relayed [C]relieved[D]remained
15.[A]placing [B]delivering [C]taking [D]giving
16.[A]feasible [B]available [C]reliable [D]applicable
17.[A]prevalent [B]principal [C]innovative [D]initial
18.[A]presented [B]restricted [C]recommended [D]introduced
19.[A]problems [B]issues [C]agonies [D]sufferings
20.[A]involved in [B]caring for [C]concerned with[D]warding off
本文是取材于新闻报道,叙述了猪流感的爆发,产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施首段和第二段简叙述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。第三段引用专家的观点,认为瘟疫并不严重。第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例,说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。
1.【答案】D
【解析】上文提到“, was declared a global epidem”,根据 declare的逻辑(“宣布”),可知应该选D
designated_“命名,制定”,而不是C项 commented“评论”,这是典型的近义词复现题目
2.【答案】C
【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索,选出答案,难度在于出处句是个长难句。本句的理解应该抓住 alert、meeting和 a sharp rise三者的关系,根据 after a sharp rise可知是rise(“病例数的增加是 meeting(“日内瓦专家议”)的原因,由此可推导出 alert并非是 meeting的原因,而是结果使得alert升级。根据上述分析以排除B、D选项,B项 activated“敞活,澈起”,D项“促使,引起”,此两项的选择都在讲 alert导致了 meeting的召开。而C项 followed意思是“紧随,跟在,之后”,体现出 after的逻辑,完全满足本句rise之后是meeting之后是alet的逻辑,所以是正确项。而A项proceeded_“继续”,属不及物动词,不可接宾语,用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适
3.【答案】B
【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and,从并列呼应来看:空格后的表达 In Britain,对应前面的 in Australia所以空格处 rising应该对应 a sharp rise in casel“病例数的剧增”),因此空格处是数量”的逻辑才对。A项digits“(阿拉伯)数字”,不表示数量,不能与 rising形成搭配;C项 amounts“数量修饰不可数名词(此处指的是 cases,可数名词);D项sums“金额,款项”,不能用于表达“病例数”。B项 numbers数量”,修饰可数名词(如arge numbers of cases大量的病例),符合题意4.【答案】A
【解析】此处句子开头的“But”是重要的逻辑线索,与上文意思(第二段)形成对比反差。上文的关键性表达heightened aler”、“ emergency meeting”和“ a sharp rise in casesa都在讲述猪流感的严重性,所以根据But和inseverity,可知空格处应该是“不严重或缓和”的逻辑
5.【答案】A
【解析】 But the epidemic is' moderate” in seventy:,,5,,,, patlents experiencingrecovery,,本句的划线部分是句子主干(主系表),逗号后面的表达是包含有逻辑主语立主格,所以选A。再比如: She sat there, with tears streaming down her faa她坐在那里,泪流满面”。
6.【答案】B
解析】根据出处句中,,inthof,这个搭配,可排除A、D项,笞案应该选B、C项中的B项 in the absence of“缺乏,不存在”,例如 The case was dismissed in the absence of an.definite proof..“此案因缺乏确苗证据不予受理”。C项 in the presence of逻辑相反,意思是“存在,的情况下”,例如, The document wasin the presence of two witnesses:本文件是在两位证人的见证下签署的
7、D
【解析〗根据出处句中,, come to globall,这个搭配,可排除B、C项,答案应选A、D项中的A项 come to reality指“成为现实”D项 come to notice为“受到关
8.【答案】C
【解析】 an unusual large number of hospitalizations and deaths healthy adults空格前意思“极其众多的院和死亡案例”空格后意思“健康的成年人”不难看出,前者和后者是被包含与包含的逻辑天系,所以选C项 among其他三个选项:A项over“覆盖;超过”等;B项for“对于;因为”等;D项to朝向;对于”等,均不能表包含”的逻辑关系
9.【答案】B
解析】上文(本段首句)提到 The outbreak came to global notic这场瘟疫的爆发引起了全球性关注”,接着本句阐述说“不仅在墨西哥该病例让人很惊慌,而且它开始在纽约、美国西南部,以及世界各地开始出现”。所以此处空格应该是“出现”之意A项 stay up“熬夜”,C项 fill up“填满。装满”,D项 cover up“盖住;掩盖上述三项的意思无法体现所需逻辑需要,而B项 crop up的意思正是“突然出现,大量出现”,所以选Bo
10.【答案】A
【解析】, new cases seemed to fade warmer weather array혜句中下刘线部分是 主干,斜体部分是状语从句,空格处的连词选择取决于前后主从句的逻辑关系。不难看出从句部分“温暖天气的临”自身有明显的时间概念,所以可重点关注A、D两项。A项as“随着”,代入本句,逻辑是“随着天气转暖,新的病例似乎逐渐减有任何瑕疵。D项 until“直到,,时”,选本项有一个逻辑要求,即主句的谓语动词须有“持续”之意,如 He satthere until I retumed他坐在那,一直到我回来”,而此句主干部分的动词 seemed to fade不能表示这种“持续”,不能说“新的病例似平减少到天气转暖的时候”。B项i“如果”和C项 unless“除非”均表示“假设或条件”,代入空格形成完整句子的逻辑存在明显问题
11.【答案】C
【解析】本句开头的But提示本句和上文信息逻辑相反,上文讲“病例似乎逐渐减fade),所以本句空白处应该是意义相反的词义A项 excessive“过多的,过度的”,B项 enormous“巨大的,庞大的”,C项 significant显著的,明显的”(注处不应理解为“重要的,有意义的”),D项 magnificent“社观的”,根据句意“官网报道说几乎每个州的流感发作答案显然选C
12.【答案】D
【解析】此处空白所填词义需满足两个条件:(1)与 tested构成动宾逻辑;(2)与thenew swine fu构成主表逻辑。A项 categories“(人或事物)种类,类别”C项 patterns“模式,样式”此两项含义显然不能满足上述逻辑条件。B项 examples“例子”和D项 samples“样品,样本”相互干扰较大,这是因为两者形相似义相近(注:答案藴含在这种关系的选项中)。但能符合上述条件(1)和(2),含义为“几乎所有检测的都是新的猪流感”的只能是D项
13.【答案】D
【解析】从该句后半部分的“ and caused more than600deat3可看出,空白处的动词应与后面的 caused(“弓)是因果逻辑关系。此外,空白处的动词还与前面的t(指代“猪流感”)构成主谓逻辑A项 imparted“告知;传授;给予”,例如: to impart news to the press I向新闻透露消息”。B项 immersed“使浸没”。例如: The child immersed his head in wate这个孩子将脑袋没入了水中“;C项射,打针”。此项显然无法满足上述的逻辑条件。D项 infected“感染,传染”和C项 injected形相笞案常藴含在这种的选项中),并且满足“它已经感染了,,并引起,,”这样的逻辑条件,所以选
14.【答案】A
【解析】根据 for children和 from the national stockpile两个介词短语的逻辑可知mildren是 Tamiflu的接受pile是 Tamiflu的来源出处。此外,空白处动词需与 Federal healthoficials形成主谓逻辑同时和 Tamiflu形成动宾逻辑。综上所述,A项 released“释放,发行”可引申为此句所需的逻辑“发放”以满足上条件,即“联邦政府的卫生官员从贮备中发放 Tamiflu疫苗给儿童”;B项 relayed“接替;转接”;C项 relieved“缓D项 remained“依然是剩到余”。此三项无法满足上述逻辑条件
15.【答案】
C解析】本句话中 began to orders from the states的动作发出者是 Federal health词from它和 the states的逻辑关系应是“卫生部官员接受各州的订单”,而非“卫生部官员向各州下订单”,所以只能选C项
16.【答案】
B解析】下文信息(下句) More than three million doses were to be made available inOctober2009“到2009年10月初,300多万剂新疫苗就能生产出来”此句信息实际上是空白出处句的具体扩展逻辑高度对应: The newvaccine对应 More than three million doses, ahead of expectation对应 in early October2009,所以is正好对应were to be made availablB项 available“可得到的,可获得的”,根据上述思路,它显然属于同词的复现呼应是正确选项。A项 feasible可行的,合理的”,C项 reliable“可靠的”和D项 applicable“适用的”,不符合上下文同词复现的条
17.【答案】D
【解析】空格前面的指示代词 those是重要线索,指代上句 more than three million doses即上句中的 the new所以空格处所填词汇应该和nev是同D项 initial“最初的,开始的”,和newW属于同义词,显然属于同义词复现呼应,是项行的,盛行的”,B项 principal“主要的”和C项 1mnovat1ve“革新符合上下文同词复现的条件
18.【答案】C
【解析】下文信息(下句)的But是重要的逻辑线索( But it was still possible to)根据此处的 still possible可知:空格处的逻辑应和 possible(此处理解为“可行的”)是同义词关系。C项 recommended“被推荐的”显然和possible“可行的”属于同义词的复现呼应。
19.【答案】A
【解析】应该关注本句中的并列连词or。根据出处信息, those( with breathing difficultieheart disease or severalother_19)中的or和 other可知: difficulties, disease和空格词汇属A项 problems“间题”,此词的含义具有一定的宽泛性(即概括性),不仅在逻辑上包含difficulties il disease与它们属于近义词的复现呼应,所以是正确笞案。B项 issues“间题”,但仅指争论的问题,如“议题”;C项 agonies和D项 sufferings都表示“痛苦”,根据四选一的原则,两项应属被排除的对象
20.【答案】B
【解析】根据出处句信息的and可知: health care workers, people20 infants和healthy young people是并列关系,因此三者属近义的逻辑。再根据前面的care,以及常用到的同义词复现呼应原理,可知应该选Bcaning
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